Master of Teaching

Question: How does separation in the homeroom lead to expanded understudy request and improve learning, however my activity plan can be comparable simply need to make a huge difference must be tied in with improving understudies proficiency in math study hall, rework the fundamental pints ought to be fine, dont need to think of new activity plan. Answer: Driving Question: How may I increment proficiency center in arithmetic homeroom? 2) How may I become familiar with this? Wellsprings of Information: 1. The broad exploration dependent on the point is required to discover reasonable procedures, strategies and techniques. It is useful in finding the helps required to expand the inquiries identified with the examination and act of spontaneity of the study hall learning. 2. Understanding the prerequisites of focusing towards the class 3. Identifying with the current exploration, the execution of the various methods is should have been recognized 4. Getting criticisms through circulating surveys and deciding the necessary revisions 5. The developmental evaluations are required to comprehend the achievement of the chose system 6. The discoveries will assist me with understanding it is possible that I will proceed with the comparable procedure or I will make a portion of the important revisions identified with the applied strategies. 7. The procedure will manage me to comprehend the specific separations identified with the necessities of the understudies. All the more explicitly, it builds the questions of the understudies identified with arithmetic through which the learning capacities are improved significantly. Recognize proof to assemble (incorporate how to accumulate and break down): Perception: The procedure is useful enough in distinguishing and dissecting the applicable technique that the instructors as a rule use for showing the study hall understudies. These methods are very useful for pulling in my reactions towards the arithmetic classes (Pritchard, 2013). Then again, I have seen the separations in various sorts of educating styles. Some different understudies are seen a lot of mindful on those strategies. Henceforth, I can provoke that the distinctive instructing styles are should have been perceived the incessant reactions got from the understudies. Distinctive workforce of instructors for the most part apply the enhanced methods by indentifying the important procedure of pulling in the understudies consideration (Fraser, 2015). Various understudies need various kinds of the learning style. The acknowledgment of these techniques is along these lines fundamental. According to my viewpoints, I think the perception of the understudies mentality in the class is important to distinguish the degree of investment. Watching the examples of their works helps in understanding the foundation information on the understudies just as their conduct attributes. It is even useful in knowing which of the learning style is reasonable for the various sorts of understudies to make them much mindful. The meeting hushes up pertinent procedure to comprehend the level, learning capacities, needs, and learning styles of the understudies (Hopkins, 2014). Acknowledgment of the voice adjustment is likewise much important to pass judgment on the conduct of the understudies. The understudies even need to become familiar with the productive methods of learning maths that will make them increasingly mindful towards the class. Through the perception of the enhanced procedures that have been applied to the homeroom, I can comprehend which of the technique is most appropriate. Consequently, in like manner, I can apply the comparative technique for the further ramifications. The exploration is likewise helpful in understanding the necessities of the understudies. The criticisms dependent on the perceptions of my learning styles would be valuable for me to choose if I should proceed with the comparable procedure or roll out certain improvements. Besides, it will be productive for me to ensure in the event that I have to get the further confirmations identified with the procedure of my learning. The ID of the separations has been useful for the understudy to find out about the important strategy applied to the study hall learning procedure and it helps in ad libbing the learning procedure of the understudies. References Fraser, B. (2015). Study hall learning situations. InEncyclopedia of Science Education(pp. 154-157). Springer Netherlands. Hopkins, D. (2014).A instructor's manual for study hall research. McGraw-Hill Education (UK). Pritchard, A. (2013).Ways of getting the hang of: Learning speculations and learning styles in the study hall. Routledge.

King of Masks Themes

The King of Masks is a 1996 film set in a provincial Chinese town. It subtleties an unadorned existence of an old man named Wang who is a road entertainer. His solitary friend was a pet monkey, and he severely required a male beneficiary to grant his Sichuan show techniques.Advertising We will compose a custom research project test on King of Masks: Themes explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Buddhism is profoundly settled in the Chinese society as spoke to in the film. Individuals from the general public regard young men over young ladies. This clarifies Wang’s inclination for a kid as an advocate to his huge abilities in performing expressions. Hence he received Gou, a little kid, who revived his enthusiasm throughout everyday life. His pizzazz was, in any case, fleeting as he found that Gou was not a kid but rather an impersonator. The irritation he endured after his better half had surrendered him was exacerbated. Subsequently, he created solid lack of in terest towards the young lady, driving Gou to escape. At the point when she returned later, she pleased Wang in no time by bringing along a kid. It, be that as it may, handled the older man in a tough situation in light of the fact that the child’s well off guardians squeezed charges prompting his capital punishment. The King of Masks is a legendary film that capably reiterates itself into the advanced world by instituting and reproducing the enslavement of ladies in a man centric world. This paper will dissect the different subjects introduced in the film. The topic of women’s enslavement is repetitive in the film. The movie producers unpredictably uncover how men sidelined ladies to the fringe of social and financial life. It goes further to propose how the general public and ladies specifically can saddle the Miao-shan fantasy, a vital piece of Buddhism, to engage themselves socially. In contrast to different religions, Buddhism accommodates ladies investment in t he strict existence of the general public, quietly and explicitly. The movie producers, in this manner, challenge ladies to exploit the Miao-shan legend to enable themselves socially and monetarily. This is the point the movie producers expected to reach through the film, permitting Wang to hand down his aptitudes to a lady. Customarily, Chinese culture didn't permit ladies to become familiar with the face-changing procedures that entertainers utilized in show. Via preparing a lady restrictive male workmanship, Wang implicitly went over the requirement for relooking Confucianism and valuing its job in women’s social strengthening. The subject of religion is additionally clear in the film. Buddhism is generally polished in Chinese society. Filiality is the bedrock of the religion, and the general public regards the individuals who penance for the others. Religion researchers assert that the explanation Miao-shan is predominant in Buddhist legend is her magnanimity, particularl y in the manner in which she offered her life for her father.Advertising Looking for research paper on asian? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The King of Masks obtains a few subjects from this legend to show that equivalent treatment of ladies is established in the lessons of Buddhism. Regardless of being various leveled, Buddhism hates at any type of dictatorship. Actually, correspondence, as upheld in the Miao-shan legend, is exceptionally esteemed. Regard to seniors is enlivened not by goodness old enough as they should procure it. The old are not to loathe the youthful; their prosperity is to pull in proportionate enhancement. The movie chiefs reproduced and instituted the Miao-shan fantasy through the narrative of Gou Wa. When Wang found that she was a young lady not a kid, he demonstrated his lack of concern to her. He deterred her from calling him â€Å"grandpa† and rather requested that her call him â€Å"bo ss†. She begged the man not to sell her, however when she at long last left, she returned with a child. It is critical that her takeoff made Wang contemplative. Such a temperament recommends, that he despite everything adored her in spite of her duplicity. Wang was enchanted by the blessing she carried with her, a child, yet in addition disheartened by Gou’s unexpected takeoff. This is an indication of obedient love as upheld by Confucianism. The subject of penance and love is likewise interlaced in religion. Gou’s love to Wang is represented by her powerful urge to give penance for her misdirection. She deceived the man that she was a kid, and when he found reality, she was prepared to present to him a child to change for her bad behavior. Her aim was basic and unadulterated †to satisfy her stepfather, regardless of the expense. Further, she had the ethical integrity and love to visit Wang who was going to confront an executioner. She went there notwithstan ding the threat it forecasted for her. She took the kid youngster for Wang and was prepared to assume liability for that. In a demonstration of correspondence, the ruler was not furious with her. Rather, he pronounced that the scrape was a demonstration of Karma. He felt that his life had not been especially fair and right, and he was just languishing repercussions over his wrongdoings. He asked Gou to play out a custom performed solely by men. By so doing, Wang perceived Gou as an equivalent to a man. They shared a profound love for one another disregarding the lack of concern that described the acknowledgment that their relationship bloomed out of double dealing. In China, much the same as in India, ladies are not as esteemed as men seem to be. The general public doesn't welcome the introduction of a lady with a similar eagerness as that of a kid. Gou’s sex issue is intense. She, subsequently, chose to imitate a kid to get away from the sale. When Wang understood this, he s et to sell Gou. In an amusing spot of occasion, a child he needed to such an extent as a beneficiary landed Wang in jail, and Gou, a young lady, spared him.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on King of Masks: Themes explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is an arraignment of the society’s impression of ladies. Gou remained by Wang, conflicting with the tried and true way of thinking that ladies eventually surrender the family they were conceived. Gou learnt aptitudes customary held for men and performed consuming of soul cash, Chinese custom. Her triumph was a revocation of a social framework that subjected ladies to the outskirts of the public activity. 1 The film, the King of Mask is set in the 1930’s Chinese society. Wang, the principle saint, is a road entertainer, a craftsmanship exceptionally esteemed by the general public at that point. Be that as it may, this didn't decrease his feeling of void brought about by the abs ence of a child. Generally, his aptitudes were hold of a male beneficiary. He purchased Gou, uninformed that Gou was a young lady, and prepared her the craft of road execution. It worked out that Gou was not a kid but rather an impersonator. He changed his mentality towards her and chose to sell2 her. Afterward, the young lady charmed him when he brought a child. In an unpredicted bit of occasions, the kid caused Wang a great deal of difficulties. The disdained Gou, showing her availability for penance and duty, remained by Wang through his most exceedingly terrible minutes. Basically, the producers censure the unwarranted swarming impression of ladies as substandard compared to men. The film is an exemplary summarization of Chinese legends into the cutting edge world. Catalog Stone, Alan. Films and the Moral Adventure of Life. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 2007. References 1 Alan Stone. Motion pictures and the Moral Adventure of Life. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 2007. 23-24. 2Ibid.,2 6.Advertising Searching for research project on asian? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More This research project on King of Masks: Themes was composed and put together by client Lauren O. to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

Class of 2022 Wait List

Class of 2022 Wait List According to the admissions professions Code of Ethics and Professional Practices, May 1 is the National Candidates Reply Date, the agreed upon date by which students reply to offers of admission. Following May 1, we take about a week to determine the state of the incoming class, and to assess how many, if any, students we will admit from our wait list. That same document (the Code of Ethics and Professional Practices) states that admissions offices may keep students on a wait list through the summer, all the way to August 1. However, our goal has always been to give every student a decision as soon as we possibly can. We want students to be able to make plans for their college enrollment with as little uncertainty as possible. Based on the higher than expected enrollment from our admitted group this year, we have found ourselves unable to admit students from the wait list without exceeding our enrollment capacity for the year. We hope to enroll 1,100 first-year students this year, and we expect that by Registration Day in September, we will be slightly above that number. As such, we are notifying all students today that they will not be admitted from the wait list. While this is neither the outcome that wait listed students or MIT were hoping forâ€"we think you are awesome!â€"we wanted to provide you with this information and closure as soon as we could. It is our loss that we will not be able to offer you admission. We hope that we might be so fortunate as to see you at MIT in the future, perhaps as a graduate student, or as a faculty member, or as an employer looking to work with our community. Thank you for all the wonderful updates that many of you have submitted. We appreciate the time and effort you have put in to letting us know how much you love MIT, and regret that we did not have more room. On behalf of the entire MIT Admissions staff, we wish you all the very best in college and beyond. We know you will make a huge impact on the world.

Kate Chopin s Desiree s Baby - 2014 Words

Kate Chopin’s â€Å"Dà ©sirà ©e s Baby† was set in the days before the abolition of slavery, at a time when the ownership of another person was not only acceptable, but also economically impactful in the south. It was normal to see big plantations owned by whites and tendered by black slaves. We see all of this and more in â€Å"Dà ©sirà ©e’s Baby†. One of the characters, Monsieur Valmonde finds an abandoned baby one day while out riding. His wife, Madam Valmonde, does not have a child of her own so she takes the baby in and names her Dà ©sirà ©e. Madam Valmonde and her husband, Monsieur Valmonde raises the child, until she is old enough to become married. Her attractiveness and especially white skin attract Monsieur Armand Aubigny, a plantation owner, and they immediately become married and have a child. Dà ©sirà ©e and Armand both originally associate themselves with the white class, but once the plot unveils their black heritage they are faced with uncertainty, and ultimately their lives become meaningless and not worth living. Throughout the story, Kate Chopin uses symbolism to convey her themes of racial biasness and social ladder in a society. The characters and the setting in this short story help provide the readers with more understanding of how racially charged our society was at that time. Dan Shen, a professor at Beijing University, provides an insightful critical analysis of the test. He states that â€Å"through the interaction of various details in the text, the implied author suggestsShow MoreRelatedKate Chopin s The Desiree s Baby947 Words   |  4 Pagesin Chopin’s Desiree’s Baby In the short story Desiree’s Baby by Kate Chopin, the titular character is the wife of slave owner Armand and the new mother of a baby boy. The story follows Desiree as she finds out that her baby is of mixed ethnic background, and the aftermath of having a mixed-race baby in the 1800’s. In regards to the relationships between Desiree and other supporting characters, only one aspect remains constant; tension. While the relationships between Desiree and her husband, herRead MoreDesiree s Baby By Kate Chopin1419 Words   |  6 PagesIn Kate Chopin’s story, â€Å"Desiree’s Baby,† written during the 19th century, Desiree is concerned that her child is of a distinct racial background. Her spouse, Armand, blames and accuses her of being half African-American. The worst problem she could ever imagine is to leave the one she admires the most, her husband. Feminist interpretation refers to the relationships encountered between separate genders. Like the a rticle â€Å"Literary Theory† states, feminist interpretation presents the order of â€Å"behaviorRead MoreDesiree s Baby By Kate Chopin1770 Words   |  8 Pages In the short story â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† written by Kate Chopin, we have this setting of this older woman named Madame Valmondà © is on her way to visit her adopted daughter Desiree who has recently given birth to her son by her husband Armand Aubigny. Everything seems to be going well at the plantation due to master of the house being so thrilled about having his son being born. As time progresses, Armand become very angry over the few months and eventually Desiree comes to notice that her son looksRead MoreAn Analysis Of Kate Chopin s Desiree s Baby Essay1067 Words   |  5 Pages Kate Chopin life and her short story Dà ©sirà ©e’s Baby Chopin was an American novelist and she also wrote many short stories. Chopin was a feminist pioneer movement on American literature and the world. Chopin was born in St. Louis Missouri on February 8, 1850. Her father was an Irish immigrant who was a very successful businessman. Chopin father died when she was a little girl. For that reason, she grew up with her mother and grandmother since she was a child. She was an insatiable reader and thatRead MoreAn Analysis Of Kate Chopin s Desiree s Baby 1705 Words   |  7 Pagesand published in 1893, Kate Chopin’s work â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† is a short story about miscegenation within a French family living in Louisiana in the late nineteenth century. Miscegenation is defined as the mixture of different racial groups, through marriage or cohabitation, between a white race and a member of another race. Chopin writes this piece of realistic fiction which exposes the issues of society that would not be faced until many y ears after her death. â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† revolves around two mainRead MoreAnalysis Of Desiree s Baby By Kate Chopin919 Words   |  4 PagesDesiree’s Baby†: An Annotated bibliography Thesis: Kate Chopin combines the racial and social differences on the eighteen century, in which people have to face racial discrimination amongst a social empire, which brings many conflicts within diverse couples about their firstborns. Chopin, Kate Desiree’s Baby. Short Stories (print 7/14/2015). In the short story, Desiree’s Baby, written by Kate Chopin there is a about of karma and consequences that produce the drama on the literature. The storyRead MoreKate Chopin s The Locket And Desiree s Baby1575 Words   |  7 Pages Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Locket† and â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† are two stories where heart-rending news changed main characters lives. In the beginning of the both stories love between couples is described. Desiree is happy being wife and mother to newborn male baby while in the Locket Edmond is constantly thinking about his sweetheart Octavie. Both stories touch different sides of love, which appears fortunate in the Locket, but destructive in Desiree s Baby. In â€Å"Desiree’s Baby†, Armand begins distancingRead MoreAnalysis Of Desiree s Baby By Kate Chopin1446 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of Desiree’s Baby In the story Desiree s Baby by Kate Chopin the plot mainly revolves around race issues and also includes elements of sexism. In terms of race the difference between being white and being black shows vital importance in the characters lives through the story. As Desiree and Armand both originally associate themselves with the white class, once the plot unveils their black heritage they are faced with uncertainty, and ultimately their lives become meaninglessRead MoreDesiree s Baby By Kate Chopin999 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Dà ©sirà ©e’s Baby† is a short story written by Kate Chopin in 1892 during the time that racism against African Americans is on the rise. In the story, Armand Aubigny falls in love with Dà ©sirà ©e, a young woman who has an obscure background but is adopted by local slave-owners. They marry and have a child, who is found to be part black a few months after birth. Armand seems to be enraged by the baby’s color and throws Dà ©sirà ©e out with the child, and she walks into a bayou and disappears forever. HoweverRead MoreDesiree s Baby, By Kate Chopin888 Words   |  4 PagesIn Kate Chopin’s short story, Desiree’s Baby, she tells the story through the eyes of the characters. This story is told in the omniscient point of view. The omniscient point of view means that the storyteller knows all of the thoughts and emotions of all the characters throughout the story. In the nineteenth century there was a lot of racial discrimination against African-Americans. The protagonist is Desiree; she is formed throughout the many situations in the short story. She is fought by the

Inside Toyland - 1266 Words

Inside Toyland, written by Christine L. Williams, is a look into toy stores and the race, class, and gender issues. Williams worked about six weeks at two toy stores, Diamond Toys and Toy Warehouse, long enough to be able to detect patterns in store operations and the interactions between the workers and the costumers. She wanted to attempt to describe and analyze the rules that govern giant toy stores. Her main goal was to understand how shopping was socially organized and how it might be transformed to enhance the lives of workers. During the twentieth century, toy stores became bigger and helped suburbanization and deregulation. Specialty toy stores existed but sold mainly to adults, not to children. Men used to be the workers at toy†¦show more content†¦In line at Toy Warehouse, White women will often display there impatience at having to wait in line by rolling their eyes at other White people trying to see a sign of recognition that he service they were receiving was i nferior because most of the cashiers were African-American women. Another example of White privilege was when an African-American manager was training Williams and customers were getting irritated. They elbowed themselves up to the counter and told Williams to call someone else up to the register. When Williams told them that she was the one being trained, the women seemed embarrassed by their presumption. Male privilege was also a problem. At Diamond Toys when men would come into the store to shop, they expected everyone to help them at the drop of a hat. One man got angry because they could not find the upc code for a Barney sippy cup and made Williams call the store director and he told both of them what he thought of store operations. He then threatened to write up a critique and submit it to a business journal for publication unless they sold him the sippy cup. Other men did things that they were told not to, like use the phone and others still would bring in lists and expect t he workers to go get the toys for him like at Toy Warehouse. Inside Toyland tells us about the power in our society by showing us who has the buying power. White middle to upper class White people have the power and that is who shapes what goesShow MoreRelatedInside Toyland by Christine L. Williams Essay1262 Words   |  6 PagesInside Toyland, written by Christine L. Williams, is a look into toy stores and the race, class, and gender issues. Williams worked about six weeks at two toy stores, Diamond Toys and Toy Warehouse, long enough to be able to detect patterns in store operations and the interactions between the workers and the costumers. She wanted to attempt to describe and analyze the rules that govern giant toy stores. Her main goal was to understand how shopping was socially organized and how it might be transformedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Geeks On The World s Biggest Startup By Brendan Koerner Essay860 Words   |  4 PagesAfter reading the article â€Å"Geek s in Toyland† by Brendan Koerner, I realized the importance of organizational culture to connect the customers to the company. This article talks about the corporate culture and leadership style of Soren Lund (Mindstorms product director). He was asked to come up with a new version which is not a ‘slightly improved’ model, but to create something completely different. Each company has their own corporate culture. During my research, I came across a similar article thatRead More Ordeal by Cheque: The life of Jr Essay2999 Words   |  12 Pagesnothing to worry about. Still, the parents worried, because parents can tell. Jr, as everyone called him, was very quiet as a baby and never had big reactions to things. Everyone said he was just quiet. His parent brought him gifts from California Toyland, but they soon figured out that he was happy with just staring at something or handling a small object. When he reached 6, his father enrolled him in Palisades School for bo ys. Jr excelled in all of his classes except art and handwriting. Jr’s 3rdRead More Barbie - A Complex American Icon Essay3507 Words   |  15 Pagesportrayed good mothers as having elegant, spotless homes. To achieve this ideal, women spent most of their â€Å"free time† doing housework. Douglas explains that â€Å"women like my mother were in an untenable position. They worked all the time, yet their work inside and outside the home was taken for granted and poorly valued.†13 Douglas continues tracing this pattern of mixed messages using such varied examples as Police Woman, which featured a woman as a cop who always needed to be rescued by her male counterpartsRead MoreToy Retailing in India7399 Words   |  30 Pagesyour neighbourhood) 9) How would you decide( keeping what factors in mind ) the location of a store in a particular mall? References 7. DSN Retailing Today, Feb 2004 8. DSN Retailing Today, Sep 2004 9. Inside Toyland – Working, Shopping and Social Inequality, Christine L. Williams 10. Why People Buy Things They Don’t Need, Pamela N. Danzinger 11. The battle in India s toy market, Jan 2006, Rediff News 12. Business Line, Jun 2008

The Past, Present and Future Free Essays

Throughout the last 50 years, humanity has witnessed many changes that have attired and changed our lives in many ways. The emergence of technology in our lives, for example, has caused life to become simpler by making connections easier between people. Changes such as these have caused many differences between each generation. We will write a custom essay sample on The Past, Present and Future or any similar topic only for you Order Now Whilst comparing the life of our generation and our parent’s generation we can see that various aspects have changed Like technology, education and life style. Through the last two decades we’ve witnessed a rise In aspects that we laden know of before. Technology Is an Issue that our generation was greatly Influenced and affected by. Through the Internet new ways of connections, were brought to the table making life easier for our generation. In the olden days one had to go through uphill efforts In order to simply contact another person, however nowadays due to social media, connections between people are Just one click away. The swift and easy going interactions that social media Imposed on us changed the way of life between the two generations completely. Likewise: education is one of the aspects that blossomed in our modern days causing dissimilarities between this generation and the past generation. Due to the common awareness that we have been exposed to regarding the importance of education in life, education has become more easily accessible for people of different classes of the society. Numbers of educated people in our generation has increased tremendously comparing to our parent’s generation. Educational institutions have now new and more technological ways of teaching. On the contrary education in the past generation was limited to the local institutions; international schools and universities were few and too expensive. Also, the education method in the past generation differs from the methods we’re using now; our parents’ educational system mainly depended on spoon-feeding. In these days we are taught to think more critically, deeper, and outside the box. Another aspect that changed between the two generations is their lifestyles. Due to media and the globalization of media our perspective and opinions about various issues have changed. For example, because of open portrait of sex, alcohol and drugs in movies, our generation view these somehow controversial topics as mediocre, In our generation these issues are being practiced more abundantly while in the past these issues were viewed as immorally. Also you can clearly see differences In the smallest details of our life like music. For Instance; the past generation’s taste In music was more appropriate, inspirational, motivational and positive storytelling than this generation’s. Songs like â€Å"Man In the Mirror† had a positive meaning behind their lyrics â€Å"I’m starting with the man In the mirror. I’m asking him to change his ways. And no message could have been any clearer. If you want to make the world a better place. Take a look at yourself, and then make a change. † Michael Jackson. â€Å"Man in the Mirror. † Race. May 1987. Bad. Michael Jackson, Quince lyrical kinds of music, like Electronic Dance Music. Artists like Michael Jackson, The Battles and Affair aren’t as popular as they were before. Also, words like â€Å"Rave† â€Å"PLURAL† and â€Å"#Damselfly† are now being used despite the fact that they weren’t known before. To put it in a nutshell, we can easily see the differences of our generation and our parent’s generation in many aspects like technology, education and lifestyle. It’s natural, and as Jim Morrison said â€Å"Each generation wants new symbols, new people, new names. They want to divorce themselves from their predecessors†. We can easily relate that the next generations will be even more different than our generation. How to cite The Past, Present and Future, Papers

Multiple Audit Standards Standard Setting â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discus About The Multiple Audit Standards Standard Setting? Answer: Introducation The financial statement of the company should be prepared to keep in mind that they give a true and fair view of the financial position of the company(Deloitte, 2016). The IAASB and PCAOB provide the different format of audit reports. The matters presented in the audit report format provided by IAASB and PACOB are as follows: IAASB PACOB The new audit report will be effective from the calendar year 2016 No effective date has been provided by the authorities. All companies are covered under this new audit report format. This audit report format will cover only public companies. The concept of going concern gets affected by the new audit report format. If the company has undergone any major event due to which the future of the company is uncertain than the going concern of the company will be re-evaluated. This audit report format does not affect the going concern principle of the company. The format of the audit report is laid down by the IAASB. The PACOB has not given any specific format of audit report. The audit report as per IAASB should include the ethical requirement such as a certificate of the expert whose work is used in the audit and certificate of auditors independence (Cullinan, et. al., 2012). List of any other statement to be attached to the report is not mentioned by the PACOB. Despite many differences, there are certain similarities in the New Audit Report of the IAASB and PACOB. The Key Audit Matters and the Critical Audit Matters are same in practical meaning but reported with a different name in the audit reports. In both, the report the opinion section comes first followed by the basis of opinion in the second paragraph. Both the audit report format contains a separate section for clearing the fact the preparation of the financial statement is the responsibility of those charged with governance and the duty of the auditor is to give an opinion. As per the IAASB standards, the KAM is required to be stated by the auditor while auditing the financial statement of the public listed companies. The entities other than public entities do not contain any such requirement to state the KAM for their Audit Report. The changes implemented the presentation of the Audit Report by the IAASB and PACOB is done with a view to achieving the objective behind the preparation of the audit report by the auditor. The new audit report format provides the users with more detailed information about the company for making its decision(IAASB, 2016). The new format of the Audit Report, list the Key Audit Matters and Critically Audit Matters in its Report differently which are very important for the users as they are the material matters of the financial statement of the company (Burns and Fogarty, 2010). Further, if there have been any major events in the financial year which can affect the future existence of the company that the going concern concept can be ignored by the management of the company. Therefore it can be said that the new format of the audit report is providing better and brief opening about the statement of the company whose audit report is prepared and achieving the objective behind the preparation of audit report. The audit reporting is the presentation of the audit conducted by the auditor on the financial statement of the company. The audit report gives an opinion about the financial statement of the company based on the sufficient evidence obtained by auditor after applying appropriate procedure. The new audit report will cover the material points of the audit report and highlight it so that it can be easily identified by the users. The new Audit Report format provides the necessary documents to be attached to the audit report for a better understanding of the Audit. The relevant authorities present the audit report format keeping in mind that the important information should be presented first. The audit report should be prepared by the auditor with due diligence and by applying professional skills. The audit report gives the opinion to the users of the report about the true and fair view of the financial position of the company and its affairs(IFAC, 2017). Impacts of new Audit Reporting requirements on audit practise: New audit reporting requirement affects Going concern disclosures in the auditors report. New audit reporting requirement also affects TCWG and Management of the company in various ways i.e. strong communication between TCWG and the auditors on the KAM and increase in the attention by TCWG to the financial statement disclosures referred in the report of the auditor. References Burns, J. and Fogarty, J., 2010. Approaches to auditing standards and their possible impact on auditor behavior. International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, 7(4), pp.310-319. Cullinan, C.P., Earley, C.E. and Roush, P.B., 2012. Multiple auditing standards and standard setting: Implications for practice and education. Current Issues in Auditing, 7(1), pp.C1-C10. Deloitte, 2016. IAASB publishes comparison with PCAOB auditor reporting proposal. [Online] Available at: https://www.iasplus.com/en-us/news/2016/05/iaasb-pcaob-compare-report [Accessed 21 September 2017]. IAASB, 2016. The New Auditors Report: A Comparison between the ISAs and the US PCAOB Reproposal. [Online] Available at: https://www.shinnihon.or.jp/shinnihon-library/publications/issue/us/gaap-weekly-update/pdf/GAAP-2016-06-14-01.pdf [Accessed 21 September 2017]. IFAC, 2017. IAASB Welcomes PCAOB's New Enhanced Auditor Reporting Standard. [Online] Available at: https://www.ifac.org/news-events/2017-08/iaasb-welcomes-pcaobs-new-enhanced-auditor-reporting-standard [Accessed 21 September 2017].

MasterCard International

Introduction In the present world, information technology (IT) is at the core of most business activities. It provides the foundation that enables today’s business enterprises to function and flourish.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on MasterCard International specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Whether it is in procurement and production, manufacturing and maintenance, customer care and sales, communication and collaboration, tracking and measurement, or virtually any other business discipline, IT plays a critical role (Laube Zammuto, 2003). This paper provides a case study of MasterCard International and looks at how the company uses technology to enhance its business operations. A summary of the case is presented followed by a detailed discussion and finally, the main points are highlighted. Case Study Description In the process of carrying out its business operations, MasterCard International uses cli ent/server architecture. This is an architecture that exists in a networked environment where there is a server dedicated to offering services to clients. The clients send requests to the server and the server responds appropriately. In the case of MasterCard International, there is a computer that authorizes, clears, and settles each credit card transaction whenever a client interacts with the system. With its massive data warehouse, MasterCard’s client/server system links 25,000 member banks spread out in different regions. The client/server arrangement greatly improves the rate at which decisions are made and ensures that customers receive quality services.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More MasterCard’s data warehouse was presented as a strategic move to give the company a competitive edge and improve its market share. Using a combination of in-house deve loped and commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) products, the company is able to identify customers’ buying trends, credit card fraud, and other useful information. Presenting a Business Case for MasterCard’s Data Warehouse In an environment that is characterized by reduced spending on IT initiatives, IT Managers are often faced with a tough challenge of selling concepts to top management. Rather than investing in new IT initiatives, top management would rather focus on cost cutting. This is also due to the fact that most executives can not easily quantify the benefits associated with the use of IT services. The confusion always arises because many top executives see IT departments as nothing more than cost centers. Regardless of the IT concept being presented to top management, the IT manager must provide a very convincing case for his or her ideas to be accepted. In the case of MasterCard, there is a very strong foundation on which an argument by the IT manager can be base d. As can be seen from the given model, and as explained in the case, MasterCard’s data warehouse has a number of strengths that make it appealing to any prospective user. First of all, the data warehouse is supported by client/server architecture which happens to be very reliable. For most companies, client/server systems offer the best combination of features that help to meet critical business requirements. Among such features are scalability, power, and flexibility (Shelly Rosenblatt, 2011).Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on MasterCard International specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Whether a business is expanding or downsizing, client/server systems enable a company to scale the system in a rapidly changing environment. As the size of the business changes, it is easier to adjust the number of clients and the processing functions they perform than it is to alter the capability of a large scale cent ral server. Client/server computing also allows companies to transfer applications from expensive mainframes to less expensive client platforms. They also help to reduce the network load, improve response times and allow communication to happen across multiple platforms (Shelly Rosenblatt, 2011). With emerging technologies such as cloud computing, client/server architecture has the advantage of being easily scalable and as such integrating it with new technology is greatly simplified. Data and network security is a key requirement for any business that deals with sensitive customer details and the model given by MasterCard offers very strong security features. For a company to win and expand its customer base, it must be able to guarantee customers of secure transactions. Any system with a weak security structure will simply keep customers away. In the case of MasterCard International, member banks must be assured of the security of their transactions. They must be made to know tha t their transactions will not be compromised by intruders. MasterCard’s elaborate system requires all users to be authenticated before accessing the transaction and data warehouse servers of the company. The use of a firewall ensures that any unwanted connections are blocked from entering the system. This further enhances the security of the system.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Implications of Banks using their own Analytical Tools The marketing of MasterCard’s IT services will definitely suffer a big blow if member banks opt to develop and use their own analytical tools. By developing their own analytical tools, the member banks will put MasterCard in a very difficult situation that may lead to the system’s security being compromised. This is because there will limitations on the design of applications developed by MasterCard as the company will be forced to develop applications that can easily interface with what the customers have. Certainly, this may not be an easy task and additional cost will be needed. The same will happen with security implementation. MasterCard may not have the freedom to put in place any security features that will not work with the customers tools. The end result will be a compromised security environment that in the long run may drive customers away. To deal with this concern, MasterCard may need to convince custo mers on the importance of using analytical tools provided by MasterCard rather than developing their own tools. MasterCard should enlighten customers on the serious repercussions associated with member banks using their own analytical tools. As pointed out earlier, MasterCard will end up with a very weak security structure if the use of analytical tools developed by customers is given a go ahead. Applications and Tools that May be Attractive to Member Banks Various tools and applications are available for use by member banks as well; as MasterCard to improve the quality of services. Applications such as Customer Relations Manager (CRM) and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) can be used to create huge amounts of data. Furthermore, the data generated by these enterprise applications is likely to be in demand all over the company and this will allow marketing, sales and service representatives to effectively respond to customer buying habits and sales trends. The CRM application will e nable member banks to interact well with staff at MasterCard for the benefit of the company and the customers. However, these applications will need to be used together with other tools such as storage resource management (SRM), storage network management (SNM) and storage virtualization tools. SRM keeps a bird’s eye view of storage capacity on the network and allocates more capacity as needed. If SRM software sees that more storage is needed by CRM applications, it will locate and re-allocate some unused capacity. SNM tool creates a map of all the devices on the storage network and monitors them for errors such as network or server failure. Storage virtualization software enables a variety of proprietary devices to interface well and this increases interoperability among storage devices (Markantonakis Mayes, 2007). With these applications and tools, MasterCard will be able to offer improved services to member banks without compromising the quality of its services. Conclusio n Based on the discussion presented in this paper, there is no doubt that the continued use of information technology will be a great boost to MasterCard’s business. As a result, the company will be able to keep its existing customers and attract more. There are distinct advantages that are related to the use of information technology and MasterCard should continue to look for opportunities to use IT to strengthen its business operations. So far, the client/server architecture in use provides a secure operational environment and only needs reinforcement. To address the concern of member banks using their own analytical tools, the company should continue researching and investing in services that will enable it to offer what the customer wants to see so as to remain competitive. This case study has been particularly useful in understanding the importance of technology in business. Clearly, technology provides a wide range of services that can enable an organization to offer ex cellent services which will finally lead to customer attraction and retention. However, with increased competition, there is need for continuous technological advancement. References Laube, D. Zammuto, R. (2003). Business Driven Information Technology: Answers to 100 Critical Questions for Every Manager. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. Markantonakis, K. Mayes, K. (2007). Smart Cards, Tokens, Security and Applications. New York, NY: Springer. Shelly, G. B. Rosenblatt, H. J. (2011). Systems Analysis and Design. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. This case study on MasterCard International was written and submitted by user Kristopher Barr to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Strategic Planning For Jet Airways Tourism Essays

The Strategic Planning For Jet Airways Tourism Essays The Strategic Planning For Jet Airways Tourism Essay The Strategic Planning For Jet Airways Tourism Essay The intent of this paper is to measure a successful and well-organized strategic planning for air hose industry supplying Jet Airways strategic program. Jet Airways is the India s market leader in air hose industries, nevertheless has faced increasing competition over the last decennary ensuing abrasion in their market portion. The study begins by analyzing the current internal and external environment of Jet Airways. Through strategic rating it s recommended that Jet airways concentrate on their cardinal service bringing to reconstruct their competitory advantage within the industry. This will necessitate seting into pattern a combination of two schemes ; a people processes scheme and a scheme focused on technological promotion. The people processes scheme was derived from a figure of industry beginnings sketching Jet Airways diminution in client satisfaction. The technological promotion scheme coincides with the reclamation of Jet Airways aircraft fleet and will farther better the overall client experience. Index Aims: The chief aim of this paper is to develop the internal and external environmental analysis and strategic planning with hazard direction and concern moralss. Specific aims are following, Measure the current strategic place of Jet Airways. Analyze the strategic Planning Models for Jet Airways. Examine Jet Airways internal and external environment. ( 1.0 ) Overview of Jet Air passages: Jet Airways is an air hose based in Mumbai, India. It is India s 3rd largest air hose after Air India and Kingfisher Airlines. It operates over 400 day-to-day flights to 64 finishs worldwide. Its primary base is Mumbai s Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport with secondary hubs at Bangalore, Brussels, Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Kolkata and Pune as focal point metropoliss. In July 2008, Which? magazine ranked Jet Airways as the universe s best long- draw air hose after Singapore Airlines. In a canvass conducted by SmartTravelAsia.com in September 2008, it was voted as the universe s 7th best air hose overall. It has besides won an award for the quality of its catering. In February 2009, Jet Airways had 846,000 riders, doing it the 2nd largest air hose in India behind Kingfisher Airlines. Jet Airways besides operates two low-cost air hoses, viz. Jet Lite ( once Air Sahara ) and Jet Airways Connect. ( 1.1.1 ) Corporate Structure: Mr. Naresh GoyalA Chairman Mr. Ali GhandourA -A Director Mr. Nikos KardassisA -A Chief Executive Officer Mr. Saroj K. DattaA -A Executive Director Mr. Abdulrahman AlbusaidyA Group Executive Officer Mr. Sudheer RaghavanA -A Chief Commercial Officer Capt. Hameed AliA -A Chief Operating Officer Mrs. Anita GoyalA |A Executive Vice President Network Planning A ; Revenue Management Mr. Raja SegranA |A Sr. Vice President Mr. P. K. SinhaA |A Regional Vice President Mr. Gaurang ShettyA |A Sr. Vice President Customer Services A ; Alliances Capt. Hassan Al-MousawiA |A Sr. Vice President-Operations A ; On Time Performance Mr. Abdulkhaliq SaeedA |A Sr. Vice President Engineering A ; Maintenance Mr. Mahalingam Shivkumar A |A Sr. Vice President, Finance Mr. Rajesh SharmaA |A Vice President Internal Audit Mr. K. G. VishwanathA |A Vice President Commercial Strategy and Investor Relations Dato K. JeyakanthanA |A Sr. Vice President Technology Servicess Mr. Jay ShelatA |A Vice President Cargo Mr. Raj SivakumarA |A Vice President Network Planning, Revenue Management A ; Distribution Dr. Samar B. SrivastavaA |A Vice President Human Resources Mr. Ashok BarimarA |A General Counsel A ; Vice President Legal Ms. Ragini ChopraA |A Vice President Corporate Communication and Public Relations Ms. Monica ChopraA |A Company Secretary A ; Sr. General Manager Legal ( 2.0 ) Environmental Analysis: For success within the air hose industry, an consciousness of the external environment is indispensable. This subdivision aims to foreground the place of the industry, in peculiar looking at rivals and measuring Jet airways capableness to run into current and future challenges. ( 2.1 ) PESTEL Analysis Of Jet Air passages: Political Issue License issue for international operation. Infrastructural restraint. ATF monetary value policy. Open sky policy. FDI Limits: 100 % Greenfield airdrome 74 % bing airdromes. 100 % through particular permission. 49 % for air hoses. Economic Effectss The income degree is lifting. Contribution to the Indian economic system. There is a rise in the cost of fuel. Investing in the sector of air power. The growing of the in-between income group household affects the air power sector. Reduced menu but yet non plenty. Social Effectss Developing of the metropoliss to break services and airdromes. Employment chances. Safety ordinances. The position symbol attached to a plane travel. Technological Effectss Modernization of aircrafts. The growing of e-commerce and e-ticketing. Satellite based pilotage system. Modernization and denationalization of the airdromes. Modern engineering like CAT3 and ILS. Environmental Sector There is an addition in the planetary heating. The sudden alteration and the unexpected behavior of the clime and to depend on the ambiance. Deficit of the infrastructural capacity. There is a touristry impregnation. Legal Factors. FDI bounds. Bilateral pacts. Airlines acquisitions and the leasing cost. ( 2.2 ) SWOT Analysis Of Jet Air passages: Figure 2.2 shows SWOT Analysis: Second Market driver. Experience transcending 14 twelvemonth. Merely private air hose with international operation. They have a strong trade name value and their repute is really high in the head of the clients. The service quality is good. Largest fleet size. There is a uninterrupted invention in their concern. Tungsten Fring domestic market portion. Old fleet with mean age around 4.79 old ages. Scope for betterment in in-flight service. High ticket pricing. Confronting a tough competition from the rivals. Oxygen Untapped air lading market. Scope in international service and touristry. The non penetrated domestic market. Thymine Strong rivals. Fuel monetary value hiking. Abroad market competition. Infrastructure issues. Tourism impregnation. Economic lag. Promotion and sponsorship worsening. ( 3.0 ) Strategic Planning Model: ( 3.1 ) Porter s Five Forces Model Of Jet Air passages: ( 1 ) The menace of the entry of new rivals: The menace of the new entrants is really high for Jet Airways, because right now there are so many new air hose company that has come with new schemes and services. The more profitable the industry is the more attractive it will be to new rivals. And as we know that Jet Airways is a really good known air hose company of India since many old ages and it has a trade name image and has a good repute on the clients mind but so besides Jet Airways has to give the best service quality to the clients to stay the market leader in the concern. ( 2 ) The strength of the competitory competition: The strength of the competitory competition is high for Jet Airways. Jet Airways has many competitory challengers like Kingfisher Airlines, British Airways, Air India, Virgin Atlantic, etc. Jet Airways has both long draw flights and short draw flights. They are losing the domestic portion market so in this competitory industry they have to convey some invention in their concern. Their scheme is really powerful because they are concentrating more in the service quality. Their aircrafts are modernised and they have the modernized engineering like CAT3 and ILS. ( 3 ) The menace of replacement merchandises or services: The menace of replacement for Jet Airways is low. There are few replacements for Jet Air passages: For short draw flights they have: Jet Connect and Jet Lite. For long haul flights they have: No noteworthy replacement. ( 4 ) The dickering power of clients ( purchasers ) : The bargaining power of purchaser is average. Jet Airways has the option to exchange the providers and harmonizing to that the clients of Jet Airways besides has the option to exchange. ( 5 ) The dickering power of providers: The bargaining power of provider is high. The provider can exchange to any other option at any clip. ( 4.0 ) Pull offing Hazard: Every concern faces risksA that could presentA menaces to its success. Hazard is defined as the chance of an event and its effects. Risk direction is the pattern of utilizing procedures, methods and tools for pull offing these hazards. Risk direction focal points on placing what could travel incorrect, measuring which risksA should beA dealt with and implementing schemes to cover with those hazards. Businesss that have identified theA hazards will be better prepared and have a more cost-efficient manner of covering with them. The types of hazard your concern faces strategic, for illustration a rival coming on to the market. conformity, for illustration reacting to the debut of new wellness and safety statute law. fiscal, for illustration non-payment by a client or increased involvement charges on a concern loan. operational, for illustration the dislocation or larceny of cardinal equipment. ( 4.1 ) Pull offing Hazard Of Jet Air passages: Jet Airways falls in the strategic hazard and the operational hazard. Strategic and Operational Hazard: Overview of cyber-security and best patterns in fraud bar. Understanding cardinal basicss of PCI Data Security Standards and what air hoses need to make to aline with the necessary demands. Risk direction in Jet Airways: Fraud bar schemes and procedures. Schemes in IVR hazard control. The manner frontward in hazard direction. ( 5.0 ) Scheme and Ethical motives of JET AIRWAYS: Scheme of Jet Air passages: The chief scheme of Jet Airways is to keep service quality. Jet Airways ( India ) Ltd. has earned the differentiation of having the IATA Operational Safety Audit ( IOSA ) Registration. The air hose has successfully completed the Operational Safety Audit and has entered into the IOSA Registry. One of the schemes that Jet Airways is following: Jet Airways scheme: taking a row to derive rider infinite Bombay: After holding removed a row of seats from some of its planes to increase overall leg room for riders, Jet Airways ( India ) Ltd is utilizing an advanced, 3-dimensional hoarding run to sell the construct. Developed by Mudra Group s out-of-door unit Primesite, the Mumbai hoardings have images of two chairs sitting near to each other, and so one floating on railings to uncover the message: We ve removed a row to give you more infinite. The row of seats has been done off with in Jet s 737-800s series planes. Removal of rows to make infinite for cramped riders is nt a new thought as many air hoses, particularly in the US, have used similar tactics and messages to distinguish their planes from challengers. Several other companies, such as car shapers ( with subdivisions of autos ) and even java companies ( Bru used chairs and tabular arraies ) have used 3-dimensional hoardings to stand out. Says Gaurang Shetty, vice- president, selling, Jet Airways: We wanted to make an impact and efficaciously pass on that we have removed a row of seats from our domestic flights, thereby giving more infinite on our domestic flights. The out-of-door invention has merely been done in Mumbai sing the limitations on the same in other tubes. We would be pass oning through billboards in Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata and Bangalore. Sanjeev Hajela, president, Primesite, says the run has a budget of Rs55-60 hundred thousand. Jet is a big user of out-of-door media and is believed to pass every bit much as Rs10-Rs12 crore a twelvemonth, some 20 % of the air hose s selling spend. Jet Airways was one of the early entrants in the air power concern, as besides the first private air hose to wing to abroad finishs and had a comparatively simple originative message: Jet Flies to 44 Domestic and 8 International Destinations . Notes Jagdeep Kapoor, pull offing manager of Samsika Marketing Consultants Pvt. Ltd: Earlier, the placement of the Jet trade name was such that it reflected aspirational value. It was an aspired trade name while all the remainder were tired and perspired trade names. Today it s different. They have found a rival in their ain conference in signifier of Kingfisher. There is a switch taking topographic point, with some clients switching truenesss to Kingfisher. He classifies Jet s growing in footings of three Ss: Nutriment, Service and the demand to ( Speed Up ) . In malice of non being the first entrant in the air power infinite, the Jet trade name grew steadily, sustained and survived. Later on, Jet grew to be the best premium trade name in the whole state by foregrounding the service facet. In service, they were alone and premium. Today, its different and Jet needs to rush up. They need to sharply construct themselves as a trade name, and advertise themselves like a consumer trade name if they need to crush Kingfisher. 2 ) Ethical motives of Jet Air passages: The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics ( Code ) has been adopted by Jet Airways ( India ) Limited to follow with applicable jurisprudence and the regulations and ordinances of the Stock Exchanges on which the securities of the Company are listed. ( 6.0 ) Strategic and Operational Conflict: Strategic Planning: Long term. Affect widely. Generic. Org. Peoples and other org. Peoples. Operational Planning: Short term. Narrow/limited range. Detailed. Within org s. Peoples. Strategic v Operational Conflict: Jet Airways has some strategic 5 operational struggle and they are: Jet Airways ( India ) Ltd. s three- twenty-four hours struggle with its pilots is bing the state s second- largest air hose riders and may halter programs to raise $ 400 million to purchase new planes. The last thing investors want to see when the air hose s seeking to raise financess is a crisis like this, Kapil Kaul, main executive officer of the Indian unit of Centre for Asia Pacific Aviation, an industry advisor said yesterday. This is a wildfire and they need to set out every bit shortly as possible. Alternate Agreements: Jet Airways is endeavoring to do alternate agreements on other air hoses wherever possible and our airdrome squads will help its invitees to the fullest extent, Jet Air said. ( 7.0 ) Recommendations: As a consequence, we can state that Jet Airways is following different types of environmental analysis and strategic planning theoretical accounts to run their organisation and their chief scheme is to give service quality to the client. So from this, we have conclude that Jet Airways is concentrating on the services which they are giving to the client s to derive their trueness and trust and to go the universe s no.1 air hose industry. Due to miss of primary research we ca nt entree more information about the company. Mentions: On-line links: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.jetairways.com/EN/GB/AboutUs/QualityCertification.aspx, contains the scheme of Jet Airways. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.jetairways.com/EN/KE/AboutUs/CodeOfConduct.aspx, contains The Code of Conduct. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.scribd.com/doc/8718529/Jet-Airways, it contains SWOT analysis and PEST analysis of Jet Airways. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.livemint.com/2007/11/25233107/Jet-Airways-strategy-removing.html

Research methods in health and social care Essay

Research methods in health and social care - Essay Example The purpose is also to create a baseline or basis for the study that the researcher will conduct. Another purpose of the literature review is to justify the proposal and show any gaps that happen to be in the literature. A final reason for the literature review is to show how a certain topic has been approached by other academic scholars (Jones 2003). With these thoughts in mind, a better look at the literature reviews by Burton (2000) is in order. Burtons purpose for the study was to identify the experiences of stroke patients form their perspective. Within the review, Burton identified information from studies that showed specific ideas that was presented by others. The general issues that showed several perceptions that patients had. There were no clear distinctions of how there were gaps in the literature. AT the beginning of the review, Burton suggested that stroke recover received only limited description; (Burton 200:302) in nursing studies. There was more information found about the experience of the disease rather than the experience of the perception that the patients had. However, the literature reviews she found did have information about what she found. Burton did not indicate whether the studies that were found were form nursing or form medicine in general. Jones (2007) states that a successful literature review not only states what other scholars have said but also offers an assessment of the quality and scope of existing studies †¦ (p. 45). Burton did not give an assessment of the quality of the studies but only told what other researchers stated on the topic. Burton used the literature review to show the literature may support her study. Burton chose a phenomenology framework to gain a meaning of life with stroke. The study used grounded theory to gain an understanding form interview transcripts.

Take home final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Take home final - Essay Example Marjane Satrapi’s Persepolis is just one enlightening example among many others which proves the idea that literatures helps people to overcome general differences, media stereotypes, prejudices, and develop interest in empathizing with others. Persepolis is an autobiographical novel by Satrapi which introduces people from foreign cultures to the experience of being raised in a country like Iran. Research also confirms that Persepolis is a ground-breaking novel which instead of dwelling on fictitious accounts narrates real life childhood experiences (Schroeder 6). An important point to be realized here is that people unacquainted with authentic sources of information like Persepolis end up being unable to sympathize and care for others. It is because lack of credible information easily causes them to believe in flawed and misguiding concepts popularized by the biased media. Orientalism is an important concept worth mentioning here because it explains how the western media adopting a highly biased approach portrays the Middle Eastern people as naà ¯ve, backward, and even dangerous. Satrapi herself comments on this subject in her book expressing that the great Iranian civilization has always been discussed by media since the 1979 Islamic revolution â€Å"in connection with fundamentalism, fanaticism, and terrorism† (Satrapi cited in Schroeder 14). In times when media acts to deliver mostly stereotyped messages about certain matters, developing a close relationship with authentic literary sources is critically important. This is because such a relationship in addition to enlightening the mind of a person also helps him/her to understand myriad differences between him/her and others which is very important to be able to demonstrate empathy. For example, Satrapi’s account of growing up in Iran helps to convince people around the globe who sit outside the highly closeted social environment of Iran that Iranians

Kiliani-fischer Synthesis of Monosaccharides

Kiliani-fischer Synthesis of Monosaccharides Teoh Shi Hao Sean Introduction Monosaccharides are the most basic unit of carbohydrates, playing an essential role in the biochemistry of life. The most important and commonly occurring form is glucose, used as an energy source in cells (Solomon et al., 2011). Monosaccharides have the chemical formula (CH2O)n (where n 3) but those with eight or more carbons are uncommon due to their inherent instability (Solomon et al., 2011; McMurry, 2008). In a monosaccharide molecule, each carbon atom has a hydroxyl group bonded to it, except one which has an oxygen atom double bonded to it instead thus forming a carbonyl group (Solomon et al., 2011). The monosaccharide is an aldehyde if the carbonyl group is located at the end of the chain, and a ketone if the carbonyl group is located at any other position. Monosaccharides can exist in acyclic or cyclic forms, and usually switch between the two forms (McMurry, 2008). The Kiliani-Fischer synthesis is a technique for lengthening these important biomolecules. Mechanism Figure 1 below shows the reaction equation of the technique. A starting sugar is first reacted with sodium cyanide to form cyanohydrin, and subsequently hydrolysed through the application of heat to form two diastereomeric aldonic acid lactone intermediates. These intermediates are later separated through separation techniques, such as chromatography, and the desired lactone is reduced using a sodium amalgam to form a resultant sugar that has one carbon atom more than the starting sugar. In this written review, the starting sugar will be a aldopentose and the resultant sugar will be a aldohexose. Figure 1 – Reaction equation of the Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (Kilini-Fischer synthesis, 2014; Fischer, 1890). Nucleophilic addition of aldehyde to form cyanohydrin The first step in Kiliani-Fischer synthesis involves nucleophilic addition of the starting sugar, an aldehyde. NaCN and H2O are used as reagents (McMurry, 2008). Figure 2 below shows the mechanism of the reaction. A lone pair on a CN ion initiates the reaction by attacking the nucleophilic carbon atom at the carbonyl group, forming a tetrahedral intermediate. The O then attacks the H atom of a H2O molecule, forming a cyanohydrin. Figure 2 – Reaction of starting sugar to form cyanohydrin. Hydrolysis of cyanohydrin to form aldonic acid The second step in Kiliani-Fischer synthesis involves the hydrolysis of the cyanohydrin to form aldonic acid (McMurry, 2008). H2O is used as the reagent, with heat applied. Figure 3 below shows the mechanism of the reaction. The lone pair on the O of OH, formed by the auto-ionization of water, attacks the nucleophilic C of the cyanohydrin forming a trigonal planar structure. The lone pair on the N then attacks an H of a H2O molecule, followed by the double bond of C=N attacking the H atom bonded to the OH group. The resultant molecule is an amide. An OH ion then attacks the nucleophilic carbon at the carbonyl group, forming a tetrahedral intermediate that collapses with NH2 leaving as a leaving group. An aldonic acid molecule is formed. Figure 3 – Hydrolysis of cyanohydrin to form aldonic acid. Esterification of aldonic acid to form lactone intermediate and subsequent reduction to form resultant sugar With the same reagent of H2O and conditions of heat, the aldonic acid produced from the hydrolysis of cyanohydrin undergoes esterification to form lactone intermediates (McMurry, 2008). Figure 4 below shows the mechanism of the reaction. A lone pair on the O at the carbonyl group of COOH attacks a proton produced by the auto-ionization of water. The tautomer of the resulting intermediate has a nucleophilic carbon, C1, which is attacked by a lone pair present on the OH group on the other end of the aldonic acid chain. The electrons from the O-H bond of the attacking OH group is withdrawn by the O+, and the resulting proton is attacked by a lone pair on the OH group attached to C1. The lone pair from the O of the other OH group attached to C1 forms a second bond between C and O, and a H2O molecule leaves as a leaving group. The electrons from the O-H bond then forms a second bond between C and O, and a proton leaves. A lactone intermediate is formed. Finally, the lactone intermediate is reduced using a sodium amalgam, Na(Hg), to form the resultant aldohexose monosaccharide (McMurry, 2008). Reagents used are sodium amalgam and sulphuric acid, in cold solution (Fischer, 1890). Figure 5 below shows the reaction equation. The exact mechanism of reduction by sodium amalgam is unknown at this point in time (Keck et al., 1994). Figure 4 – Esterification of aldonic acid to form lactone intermediate. Figure 5 – Reduction of aldonic acid to resultant sugar. History and development The Kiliani-Fischer synthesis is named after German chemists Heinrich Kiliani and Hermann Emil Fischer. Its original purpose was to elucidate all 16 stereoisomers of aldohexoses, as achieved by Fischer. Key discoveries that to the development of this technique included: (1) Louis Pasteur’s insight that the â€Å"molecule of tartaric acid came in two forms that were mirror images†, or isomers, of one another, and that each of these isomers rotated polarized light in different directions (Wagner, 2004, p.240), (2) Jacobus H. van’t Hoff’s and J. A. Le Bel’s insight of the â€Å"concept of an asymmetric carbon atom†, that isomers of compounds exist despite identical chemical formulae because of asymmetric carbon atoms, and the relationship between stereochemistry and optical activity (Wagner, 2004, p.240), and (3) Fischer’s creation of phenylhydrazine, a reagent that reacts with sugar molecules to form osazones. Prior to the discovery of this technique, relatively little was known about the structural properties of monosaccharides. It was difficult to study monosaccharides because of their â€Å"tendency to form syrups rather than solids that could be dissolved and crystallized easily† (Wagner, 2004). However, Fischer discovered phenylhydrazine which when reacted with aldonic acids (formed by oxidation of sugars) forms osazones (Kunz, 2002). These carbohydrate derivatives could be isolated easily through crystallization, and had physical forms that could be distinguished from one another (Kunz, 2002). Their subsequent analysis allowed Fischer to identify and segregate isomers of the monosaccharides (Wagner, 2004). The aldonic acid can be regenerated by addition of baryta water, or aqueous solution of barium hydroxide, to the segregated osazone (Fischer, 1890). The then purified aldonic acid can be evaporated to transform into welling-crystallizing lactone for further study (Fischer, 1 890). Using this technique, Fischer discovered that two distinct monosaccharides, D-glucose and D-mannose, yield the same osazone because osazone formation destroys the asymmetry about C2 without affecting the rest of the molecule (Wagner, 2004). Furthermore, the lactones of D-glucose and D-mannose turned polarized light in different directions. As such, he concluded that D-glucose and D-mannose have identical structures but were mirror images of one another (Wagner, 2004). However, their exact structures were still unknown. In 1886, Kiliani discovered a method to lengthen the carbon chain of an organic molecule, using cyanide as a reagent to form cyanohydrin (McMurry, 2012). Fischer realized the potential of this discovery in advancing the study of carbohydrates, adding on an additional step to convert the cyanohydrin nitrile group into an aldehyde (McMurry, 2012). Thus, the Kiliani-Fischer synthesis was created. This new technique allowed Fischer to research further into the stereoisomerism of monosaccharides and continue off where he last stopped – that D-glucose and D-mannose were stereoisomers but of unknown structures. Applications Elucidation of aldohexose stereoisomers Figure 5 on the right shows the general structure of a aldohexose. In order to apply the Kiliani-Fischer synthesis in the elucidation of aldohexose stereoisomers, Fischer had to first make a starting assumption that the –OH group of D-glucose at C5 was on the right side (Wagner, 2004). L-arabinose is an aldopentose having five carbon atoms. Its exact structure had been deciphered by Fischer, and is asymmetric at C2, C3 and C ­4 as shown in Figure 6 on the right. Fischer discovered that the Kiliani-Fischer synthesis converted L-arabinose into both D-glucose and D-mannose (Wagner, 2004). This therefore implied that D-glucose and D-mannose shared the same configuration about C3, C4 and C5 as the analogous carbons in L-arabinose (C2, C3 and C4 respectively) (Wagner, 2004). This insight led Fischer to use L-arabinose in conjunction with D-glucose and D-mannose as materials for further research. Fischer discovered that oxidizing L-arabinose created a product that was optically active (Wagner, 2004). If the starting assumption made by Fischer was true, then this implied that the –OH group at C2 in L-arabinose (and thus C3 in D-glucose and D-mannose) must be on the left side or the product would be optically inactive (Wagner, 2004). Next, Fischer determined that oxidizing D-glucose and D-mannose resulted in dicarboxylic acids that were optically active (Wagner, 2004). This implied that the –OH group at C4 in D-glucose and D-mannose (and thus C3 in L-arabinose) must be on the right side or the product would be optically inactive (Wagner, 2004). Finally, Fischer found that oxidizing D-gulose resulted in the same dicarboxylic acid as that of D-glucose (Wagner, 2004). Through logic, Fischer realized this implied that the –OH group at C2 in D-glucose must be on the right side. Piecing together all the information, Fischer finally determined the exact structure of D-glucose and D-mannose, as shown in Figure 7 below. Problems and improvements The Kiliani-Fischer synthesis is a commonly used technique in preparing aldoses. However, the last step in the reaction process, reduction, produces â€Å"mixtures containing product aldoses, unreacted lactone, aldonic acid salts, and alditols† (Serianni et al., 1979; p.71). Reduction by sodium amalgam allows the production of acylated aldoses in high yields but the subsequent removal of the acyl groups often degrades the product aldose (Serianni et al., 1979). An improvement to this method would be to reduce the nitrile over a palladium catalyst (Serianni et al., 1979; McMurry, 2012). This would yield an imine intermediate instead, that can be hydrolysed to an aldehyde. References Fischer, E. (1890). Synthesis in the sugar group. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 12(8), 400-409. Fischer, E. (1902). Syntheses in the purine and sugar group. Nobel Lectures, Chemistry 1901, 1921, 21-35. Keck, G. E., Savin, K. A. Weglarz, M. A. (1995). Use of samarium diiodide as an alternative to sodium/mercury amalgam in the Julia-Lythgoe Olefination. Journal of Organic Chemistry, 60(10), 3194–3204. Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (2014). Wikipedia. Retrieved April 2, 2014 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiliani%E2%80%93Fischer_synthesis. Kunz, H. (2002). Emil Fischer – unequalled classicist, master of organic chemistry, and inspired trailblazer of biological chemistry. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 41(23), 4439-4451. Magner, J. A. (2004). Emil Fischer (1852-1919): The stereochemical nature of sugars. The Endocrinologist, 14(5), 239-244. McMurry, J. (2008). Organic Chemistry (7th edition). Belmont, CA: Thomson Brooks/Cole. McMurry, J. (2012). Organic Chemistry (8th edition). Belmont, CA: Thomson Brooks/Cole Serianni, A. S., Nunez, H. A. Barker, R. (1979). Carbon-13 enriched carbohydrates: Preparation of aldonitrile and their reduction with a palladium catalyst. Carbohydrate Research, 72, 71-78. Solomon, E. P., Berg, L. R., Martin, D. W. (2011). Biology (9th edition). Singapore, CA: Cengage Learning Asia Pte Ltd.

Internet: Sociology and People Essay

Internet Internet has become a big part of our life these days because of the many things that we can get from it from the latest news and research findings to self- expression. We also get to learn about the latest trends in our profession and instantly become fashion chic. It also updates us of our favorite basketball tea, and thespians. Truly, it becomes a great help in the workplace, education, entertainment, health care, and communication. However, the Internet has also served as a venue for the infringement of copyright. Everyone has the access to information which makes it almost impossible to protect copyright. This for of piracy is really widespread on the web. Aside from this, the proliferation of pornographic materials is undeniably one of the alarming things that has brought about by the Internet. It does not only corrupt the minds of the young people that are exposed to them but also it paves the way for the degradation of human dignity. It also strains the moral make up of society. The Internet also alienates the person from his social self. While most think that talking to loved ones through the computer screens allows or offers the same satisfaction of social needs just like engaging in conversations personally, there really is a big difference between the virtual self and the social self. This could further lead to addiction which could hamper a person’s way of living and those who are directly in contact with him. The Internet was intended to be used for military purposes. However, due to its versatility and applicability, we have it as how it is used today. It exists as our friend when used properly and our foe when misused. THE INFLUENCE OF THE INTERNET ON PEOPLE’S SOCIAL AND PSYCHOL Uploaded by nikolovska1 (149) on Jul 8, 2007 THE INFLUENCE OF THE INTERNET ON PEOPLE’S SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL REALITIES The influence of the Internet has caused a change in the way we communicate, learn and shop. The Internet is probably most famous for the ability to spread information, fact or fiction. We were once limited to news editors of a local paper, then to national cable news. Now anyone can search the globe, visit local papers in foreign countries, and see the views of all sides. This ease of information has also brought with it a large amount of hoaxes, money schemes, and fallacies. There is no question that easy access to the Internet, like the introduction of mail service and the invention of the telephone, has changed the nature of people’s connection to others in their social world. Mail made possible connections among people without physical proximity, and the telephone facilitated communication among distant people, making rapid connections possible across long distancies. But has this communication revolution changed the pure nature of interpersonal and group processes? On the one hand, since the primary use of the Internet is communication, some people might speculate that the Internet will have positive social consequences in people’s everyday lives because it increases the frequency and quality of interpersonal communications among people. People with easy access to others would feel better connected and more strongly supported by others, leading to happiness and engagement in families, organizations, communities, and society more generally. But, on the other hand, the ease of electronic communication may lead to weaker social ties, because people have less reason to leave their homes and actually interact face to face with other people. The Internet allows people to more easily work from their home, to form and sustain friendships and even romantic attacments from their home, to bank from their home, to vote and engage in political and soci al issue based discussions with others (from home). In this variety of ways, Internet communications can potentially displace face-to-face communications. I think this point is important because psychologists in many researches have described and proved such face to face and telephone connections as being of higher quality, when viewed in terms of their contribution to satisfaction and well-being. Reading a seriees of longitudinal and experimental studies (e.x. McKenna, Green, and Gleason), who test a theory of relationship formation on the Internet, these researchers directly adress the argument that the psychological quality of Internet social interaction is lower than is the psychological quality of traditional face-to-face interaction. Consider my own use. I’ve received several e-mail messages in the past hour. My boyfriend confirms the dinner for tonight. Even though it is weekend, my coleagues send me questions about the pending exam expects a quick answer. So does some graduate student from Europe, that I recently met on â€Å"MySpace† with an urgent request for a letter of recommendation. My friend Ksenija sends me an IM to tell me the latest news about her new love. And so on and so on†¦ I assume that I am also living a virtual life, and what’s the most interesting of all, all of my friends online, are also my friends in real life. And if they weren’t that in the past, I somehow managed to bring my cyber friends into my real life, so I could here in my real life enable real communication, real face-to-face â€Å"talks†, real exchange of emotions, feeligs of happiness, satisfaction and well-being. I’d say for me, the Internet is a great new way for doing old things. So, what else conclusion can I bring except the one that Internet life cannot stand on itself without real-life communication. It is simple: If we understand the qualities of face-to-face communication that influence the impact of su ch communication on people and their social interaction, we would be able to predict the probable influence of any new communication technology. However, researchers show that people sooner or later convert their cyber contacts into more traditional face-to-face, the same as I do. People use the Internet, in other words to help them achieve their real-life goals. And rather than technology’s changing people’s social and psychological reality, in other words, people change their use of technology to facilitate their creation of a desired social reality. Internet users should closely examine their behavior, to ensure that excessive time online will not negatively impact their personal well-being. We shouldn’t throw our computers out the window, but neither should we charge on blindly into complete dependence on the Internet. As with many things in life, it seems that moderation and balance are key to maximizing the Internet’s positive effect.| The Internet has provided a new medium with which children and teens can bully their peers. While no direct physical harm can actually be done, the rise of Cyber Bullying can be much more dangerous than the bullying that takes place on school grounds. The Internet provides a false sense of safety and anonymity, which means that more and more children are likely to engage in ridiculing their peers and spreading vicious rumors. Children that would never dream of belittling one of their classmates face to face won’t think twice about doing so in a chat room, on their MySpace page or in a blog. How does the expression go? â€Å"Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me†? As we all know, this simply isn’t true. Hurtful words and false accusations can do a world of hurt and can sometimes even lead to physical harm, especially among people who are young and impressionable. The Internet allows users of all ages, not just young people, the opportu nity to reinvent themselves and their image. If they don’t feel accepted at school they may go looking for acceptance on the net, and as we all know, for young people acceptance often comes at the expense of others. What makes Cyber Bullying all the more problematic is the fact that it can be difficult to regulate. Teachers and other staff are present at school to observe students’ behavior and hopefully put an end to bullying when they witness it. However, more and more young people are being given unlimited and unsupervised access to the Internet, which is more vast a place that we can imagine. Parents who aren’t watching what their children are doing on the Internet, whether its because they are technologically challenged, incredibly naive, or just negligent, have no idea what sorts of behavior their children are engaging in. When most parents finally wise up, they are shocked and appalled at what sites little Ryan has been visiting or who precious little Jamie has been conversing with. Possibly the most dangerous aspect of the Internet is the way that it encourages dangerous and hurtful behavior. Young girls are praised for posting inappropriate and revealing photographs of themselves and ridicule and rumors among classmates are answered and supported with even more hurtful behavior. It is up to society as a whole to help bring this problem of children and the Internet under control. The Internet is a wonderful tool, don’t get me wrong, but it is very hard to regulate and it is very easy for children too obtain a myriad of images and information that should not be seen by their impressionable eyes. Unfortunately, many parents are naive to this problem and refuse to believe that their children would get involved in anything dangerous or inappropriate on the Internet. Programs and other tools are available to help parents monitor their children’s Internet usage, but these alone are not enough. Young people today are more likely to know more about these devices than their parents, and often can find ways to bypass them. Therefore, you also need to be limiting the total amount of time that your children spend on the Internet each day and know what sort of access and supervision is taking place when they are visiting friends. Never, ever, allow children to have a computer in their room or their own laptop. The computer that your children use should always be in a main and heavily trafficked room of the house, where you can keep a watchful eye on their activity. It is up to you to help make this world a safer place for your children and you cannot underestimate the danger that is lurking in your very own home every time they sit down in front of the computer.

New Questions About College Services Answered and Why You Must Read Every Word of This Report

New Questions About College Services Answered and Why You Must Read Every Word of This Report The 30-Second Trick for College Services An indicator of succeeding is that the majority of the university doesn't realize that a service is being provided by means of a partner. All you will need is at Bentley. AWS provides us with a means to do that. Tutors are an immensely valuable resource that may indicate the difference between passing and failing. This is going to be the ideal investment you could ever make in helping your child realize her or his dream of playing golf in college. The True Meaning of College Services You might not be asked this at all with a number of the resources. Excelsior partners are making a workforce not just with an ability to grow academically, but with an ability to boost productivity and innovation. The student is going to be taught to do hazard and risk assessment techniques required to mitigate a hazardous materials incident. The parcel tax equation is likewise an accurate method to find out how much the Colleges should pay. Income plays a massive part in deciding the affordability of higher education. Every one of these services can assist you in a multitude of means. A counselor at the career services office will be able to help you pick a career, whether you don't have any idea what you would like to do or are leaning toward a specific occupation. Besides getting a hard-working, passionate new employee, the business has an opportunity to mentor and train a number of the upcoming small business leaders in our region. Whether your existing employees will need to brush up on a soft skill or a new hire demands a specific technical skill, we've got the trainers and expertise to assist you. Oakton and the CCJobNet partnership doesn't promote opportunities where job seekers are required to supply a monetary commitment or that don't supply a guaranteed wage or compensation. She's also involved in several other diversity-focused community groups. There's no project too large or too tiny. Our aim is to work with each other to attain the very best possible outcome... PROGRESS! We are here in order to help you accomplish your academic objectives, while assisting you to take advantage of what Hunter's diverse community offers! Why Almost Everything You've Learned About College Services Is Wrong It helps he has become the interim CEO since February 5. We're Corporate College. Career Services is here to aid you with all things career-related. College Services has the ability to supply a high degree of service by attracting and retaining amazing leaders. If you've been wanting to enter the medical field but thought it may be too costly, now's your opportunity. As our service offerings keep growing, we're always searching for new methods to support our care recipients. If you wish to attain a mature transformation with internal high quality assurance and fidelity, look at using a consultant over a prolonged period. On the flip side, should you ever will need to earn some money, becoming a tutor is an excellent way to receive paid while also helping struggling students. Some scholarships could have restrictions, including students with numerous tribal lineages may just receive assistance from 1 tribe. Some offices and organizations provide non-work-study positions also. Furthermore, students will be required to remain in New York for exactly the same quantity of time they are covered by the scholarship. International Education There are several students who'd love an opportunity to study abroad for a semester. The Argument About College Services You have to present your ID card when you enter the Brockport Downtown. Call 314-539-5316 to find out more. Call 314-539-5041 to learn more. Call 314-539-5305 to learn more. If you try to activate your account early, it is going to fail. Once you have filled in the details, you are going to be able to opt for a password and begin using your account. You are then going to be requested to login. Complete and submit the on-line registration. Ok, I Think I Understand College Services, Now Tell Me About College Services! Participating employees won't be billed for their present semester charges until final grades are posted. All students are eligible to be viewed at Health Services, no matter their insurance policy coverage. You'll have a number of program alternatives, you will spend less, and you're going to have faculty and staff committed to helping you succeed! SHS has launched an on-line patient portal. Rumors, Deception and College Services There are lots of services which are available to you at college which can help with a range of things. It's strongly advisable that students purchase needed books and course materials ahead of their very first class. If you're shopping about for a college, you might want to make certain yours provides these services. The college isn't accredited, as it does not provide credit-bearing courses.

How Does The Linked Learning Approach Increase The College...

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Three were boys, all very intelligent, and one girl. All three boys finished high school at a continuation school, while the girl went on to a 4-year university, just like I did. I began to wond er what pushed me and my younger female cousin to success, but left my brother and male cousins floundering in the educational system? As I began my teaching career, I observed the same phenomena. My male African-American and Latino students were performing at a lower rate than other subgroups. At a newer high school inShow MoreRelatedIdentifying Strategies to Improve African American College Student Retention and Graduation Rates1690 Words   |  7 Pageseducation. Obtaining an advanced degree remains a likely predictor of future career success. The problem facing the minority student is that barriers persist which continue to hinder enrollment, retention, and graduation rates in institutions of higher education. 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